US poet and political activist. His reputation as a visionary, overtly political poet was established by Howl (1956), which expressed and shaped the spirit of the Beat Generation and criticised the materialism of contemporary US society.
Ginsberg – like many of his generation of poets – found his authorial voice via experimentation with drugs, alternative religion, and the hippie culture.
His poetry drew, for example, on Oriental philosophies and utilised mantric breath meditations.
Ginsberg travelled widely – to Cuba, India, and Czechoslovakia in the 1960s, and China and Nicaragua in the 1980s – spreading his Zen-socialist politics of radical but passive dissent.
His other major poem, Kaddish (1961), dealt with the breakdown and death of his schizophrenic mother. His Collected Poems 1947 – 1980 was published in 1985.
He died on 5 April 1997, surrounded by family and friends in his East Village loft in New York City, succumbing to liver cancer via complications of hepatitis. He was 70 years old.
